Congestion Behavior and Tolls in a Bottleneck Model with Stochastic Capacity
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Congestion Behavior and Tolls in a Bottleneck Model with Stochastic Capacity
In this paper we investigate a bottleneck model in which the capacity of the bottleneck is assumed stochastic and follows a uniform distribution. The commuters’ departure time choice is assumed to follow the user equilibrium principle according to mean trip cost. The analytical solution of the proposed model is derived. Both the analytical and numerical results show that the capacity variabilit...
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The cell transmission model of a freeway is used to compare four congestion-reducing schemes: (R) ramp control only; (T) one lane is tolled and ramps are uncontrolled; (B) bottlenecks are tolled and ramps are uncontrolled; and (RB) ramps are controlled and bottlenecks are tolled. In the base case, ramps are uncontrolled and there are no tolls. It is found that (T) is inefficient and may leave a...
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The recent literature on congestion pricing with large agents contains a remarkable inconsistency: though agents are large enough to recognize self-imposed congestion and exert market power over prices, they do not take into account the impact of their own actions on the magnitude of congestion tolls. When large agents are confronted with tolls derived under this parametric assumption but under...
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California freeway travelers suffer large and variable congestion delay. The delay is due to operational inefficiency, excess demand, and unforseen events. Operational inefficiency reduces speed and may cause queue spillovers that reduce exiting flows. Excess demand creates delay on ramps. Unforseen events such as accidents temporarily reduce capacity. The Cell Transmission Model of a freeway w...
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In this paper, a dynamic model of road traffic congestion is presented, with an elastic overall demand for morning peak road usage, and with the congestion technology used being ‘flow congestion’. It is demonstrated that in such a case, the optimal time-varying toll should include a ‘flat’, time-invariant component when road users share the same desired arrival time. This has important conseque...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Transportation Science
سال: 2015
ISSN: 0041-1655,1526-5447
DOI: 10.1287/trsc.2013.0483